![\"Etruscan](\"https:\/\/www.chianti.info\/chianti\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/etruscan_tomb.jpg\")
<\/a>Achlae<\/b>: Greek river god, Achelous [vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”The gods, goddesses and mythology of the Etruscans” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes” el_class=”title”][vc_custom_heading text=”The gods and goddesses and other mythological characters of the Etruscans with their Roman equivalents” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes” el_class=”subtitle”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Many of the names listed here are Etruscan spellings (and pronunciations) of Greek and native Italic names, but some names are entirely Etruscan. Achlae: Greek river […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69,186,9,155],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-about-chianti-italy","category-art-architecture-and-history-of-chianti","category-chianti-italy","category-sights-of-chianti"],"yoast_head":"\n
\nAchle, Achile<\/b>: from the Greek Achilles, hero of the Trojan War
\nAchmemrun<\/b>: from the Greek Agamemnon, king of Mycenaean Greece
\nAchrum, Acharum<\/b>: from Acheron, the Greek river of the underworld
\nAchvizr, Achuvesr, Achuvizr, Achviztr<\/b>: unknown figure associated with Turan
\nAita, Eita<\/b>: Hades, the Greek god of the underworld and ruler of the dead
\nAivas Tlamunus, Aivas Vilates<\/b>: Also Eivas or Evas. Etruscan equivalents of the Greek heroes Ajax, son of Telamon and Ajax, son of Oileus
\nAlchumena<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Alcmena
\nAlcstei, Alcsti<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Alcestis
\nAlichsantre, Alechsantre, Alcsentre, Elchsntre, Elach\u015bantre, Elach\u015bntre, Elcste<\/b>: The Trojan legendary figure, Alexandrus, otherwise known as Paris
\nAlpan, Alpanu, Alpnu<\/b>: Etruscan goddess, whose name is identical to Etruscan “willingly”
\nAlthaia<\/b>: The Greek figure Althaea, mother of Meleager
\nAni<\/b>: Divinity named on the periphery of the Piacenza Liver as dominant in that section. It seems to correspond to Martianus Capella’s Templum I, north, ruled by Janus, for which Ani appears to be the Etruscan word
\nAminth<\/b>: Etruscan winged deity in the form of a child, probably identified with Amor
\nAmuce, Amuche, Amuke<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure Amycus of the Argonauts myth
\nApulu, Aplu<\/b>: The Greek god, Apollo
\nAreatha<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Ariadne
\nAril<\/b>: Etruscan deity identified with Atlas
\nAritimi, Artumes<\/b>: The Greek goddess Artemis
\nAtaiun<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Actaeon
\nAthrpa<\/b>: The Greek deity, Atropos
\nAtlenta, Atlnta<\/b>: The Greek mythological person, Atalanta
\nAtmite<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Admetus
\nAtunis<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Adonis
\nAturmica<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Andromache, the Amazon
\nAulunthe<\/b>: Etruscan, the name of a satyr
\nCalaina<\/b>: The Greek Nereid, Galena
\nCalanice<\/b>: A Greek name of Hercle, Kallinikos
\nCalu<\/b>: Etruscan infernal god of wolves, represented by a wolf
\nCapne, Kapne<\/b>: The Greek legendary hero, Capaneus
\nCa\u015bntra<\/b>: Greek prophetess, Cassandra, of the Trojan War
\nCastur<\/b>: Greek legendary figure, Castor
\nCatha, Cavtha, Cath<\/b>: An Etruscan deity, god and goddess, not well represented in the art. She appears in the expression ati cath, “Mother Cath” and also maru Cathsc, “the maru of Cath”; however, the nature of the maru is not known. She is also called \u015bech, “daughter,” which seems to fit Martianus Capella’s identification of the ruler of Region VI of the sky as Celeritas solis filia, “Celerity the daughter of the sun.” In the Piacenza Liver the corresponding region is ruled by Cath
\nCatmite<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Ganymede, from an alternative Greek spelling, Gadymedes. From the Etruscan is Latin Catamitus
\nCel<\/b>: Etruscan goddess, probably identified with Ge, as she had a giant for a son. Her name occurs in the expression ati Cel, “Mother Cel”
\nCelsclan<\/b>: Etruscan Gigas, “son of Cel”, identifying her as “Earth”, as the giants in Greek mythology were the offspring of the earth
\nCerca<\/b>: Greek enchantress of the Odyssey, Circe
\nChaluchasu<\/b>: Translation of Greek panchalkos, “wholly of bronze”, perhaps the robot of Crete, Talos
\nCharun, Charu<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Charon
\nChelphun<\/b>: An Etruscan satyr
\nCilens<\/b>, see: Celens
\nCluthumustha, Clutmsta<\/b>: The Greek female legendary figure, Clytemnestra
\nCrapsti<\/b>: Umbrian local deity, Grabouie
\nCrisitha<\/b>: The heroine of the Trojan War, the Greek name Chryseis
\nCulsans<\/b>: God of doors and doorways, corresponding to the two-faced Roman god Janus
\nCulsu, Cul<\/b>: A female underworld demon who was associated with gateways. Her attributes included a torch and scissors. She was often represented next to Culsans.
\nEasun, Heasun, Heiasun<\/b>: Etruscan version of the Greek legendary hero Jason
\nEcapa<\/b>: The Greek tragic heroine of the Trojan War, Hecuba
\nEctur<\/b>: Hero of the Trojan War, Hector
\nElinei, Elinai, Elina<\/b>: The Greek figure Helen of Trojan War fame
\nEnie<\/b>: Greek Enyo, one of the Graeae
\nEpiur, Epeur<\/b>: Greek epiouros, “guardian”, a boy presented to Tinia by Hercle, possibly Tages
\nErmania<\/b>: Greek legendary figure Hermione, daughter of Menelaus and Helen
\nEris<\/b>: Greek divinity Eris
\nErus<\/b>: Greek divinity Eros
\nEsplace<\/b>: Greek legendary healer, Asklepios
\nEthausva, Eth<\/b>: Etruscan goddess, attendant at the birth of Menrva
\nEtule<\/b>: Greek Aitolos, confused with his brother, Epeios, who built the Trojan horse
\nEuturpa, Euterpe<\/b>: The Greek divinity, Euterpe
\nEvan<\/b>: An attendant on Turan, sometimes male, sometimes female
\nEvtucle, [Ev]thucle<\/b>: The Greek hero, Eteocles
\nFeronia<\/b>: An obscure rural goddess primarily known from the various Roman cults who worshipped her
\nFufluns<\/b>: Etruscan god of wine, identified with Dionysus. The name is used in the expressions Fufluns Pacha (Bacchus) and Fufluns Pachie. Puplona (Populonia<\/span><\/a><\/b><\/span>) was named from Fufluns.
\nHamphiare, Amphare<\/b>: Legendary Greek seer, Amphiaraus
\nHathna<\/b>: Etruscan satyr
\nHercle, Hercele, Herecele, Herkle, Hrcle<\/b>: Etruscan form of the legendary hero known to the Greeks as H\u0113rakl\u0113s and the Romans as Hercules
\nHipece<\/b>: The magic Greek spring, Hippocrene, represented in Etruscan art as a water spout in the form of a lion’s head
\nHorta<\/b>: Goddess of agriculture (highly conjectural)
\nIlithiia<\/b>: The Greek goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia. Occurs also in the expression flere\u015b atis ilithiial, “statue of mother Eileithyia”
\nIynx<\/b>: An Etruscan mythological creature, a bird of love
\nLaran<\/b>: Etruscan God of war
\nLasa<\/b>: One of a class of deities, plural Lasas, mainly female, but sometimes male, from which the Roman Lares came. Where the latter were the guardians of the dead, the Etruscan originals formed the court of Turan. Lasa often precedes an epithet referring to a particular deity: Lasa Sitmica, Lasa Achununa, Lasa Racuneta, Lasa Thimrae, Lasa Vecuvia
\nLasa Vecuvia<\/b>: Goddess of prophecy, associated with the nymph Vegoia
\nLatva<\/b>: The Greek mythological person, Leda
\nLeinth<\/b>: Etruscan divinity, male and female, possibly related to lein, Etruscan word for “to die”, but does not appear in any death scenes
\nLetham, Lethns, Letha, Lethms, Leta<\/b>: An Etruscan infernal goddess
\nLetun<\/b>: The Greek goddess, Leto
\nLunc, Lnche<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Lynceus
\nMalavisch<\/b>: Etruscan divinity of the mirrors, probably from malena, “mirror”
\nMan, Mani<\/b>: Etruscan class of spirits representing “the dead” and yet not the same as a hinthial, “ghost.” From the Mani came the Latin Manes, which are both “the good” and the deified spirits of the dead
\nMania<\/b>: Etruscan infernal deity, one of a dyad including Mantus. She went on into Latin literature, ruling beside Mantus and was reported to be the mother of the Lares and Manes. Under the Etruscan kings, she received the sacrifices of slain children during the Laralia festival of May 1. She continued to survive in post-classical Tuscan folklore as Mania della Notte, a nocturnal spirit bringing nightmares
\nMantus<\/b>: Etruscan infernal deity, one of a dyad including Mania. A tradition of Latin literature names the Etruscan city of Manthua, later Mantua, after the deity
\nMari\u015b<\/b>: A class of divinity used with epithets: mari\u015b turans, mari\u015b husurnana, mari\u015b menitla, mari\u015b halna, mari\u015b isminthians. The appearances in art are varied: a man, a youth, a group of babies cared for by Menrva. The Roman god, Mars, is believed to have come from this name. Pallottino refers to the formation of a god by “… fusing groups of beings … into one.” Of Mars he says “… the protecting spirits of war, represented as armed heroes, tend to coalesce into a single deity, the Etrusco-Roman Mars, on the model of the Greek god Ares”
\nMean, Meanpe<\/b>: Etruscan deity, equivalent of Nike or Victoria
\nMeleacr<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Meleager
\nMemnum, Memrum<\/b>: Memnon, a Trojan saved from Achle by his mother, Thesan
\nMenerva, Menrva<\/b>: The Etruscan original to the Roman Minerva, made into Greek Athena
\n Menle<\/b>: The Greek hero, Menelaus, of Trojan War fame
\n Metaia, Metua, Metvia<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Medea
\n Metus<\/b>: The Gorgon, Medusa, of Greek mythology. The head appears on the Aegis of Menrva as a Gorgoneion
\n Mlacuch<\/b>: A young Etruscan woman kidnapped by Hercle
\n Nestur<\/b>: The Greek legendary hero, Nestor
\n Nethuns<\/b>: Italic divinity, probably Umbrian, of springs and water, identified with Greek Poseidon and Roman Neptune, from which the name comes. It occurs in the expression flere Nethuns, “the divinity of Nethuns”
\n Nortia<\/b>: Goddess of fate and chance. Unattested in Etruscan texts but mentioned by Roman historian Livy. Her attribute was a nail, which was driven into a wall in her temple during the Etruscan new year festival as a fertility rite.
\n Pacha<\/b>: Greek Bacchus, an epithet of Fufluns
\n Palmithe, Talmithe<\/b>: The Greek hero, Palamedes
\n Pantasila, Pentasila<\/b>: The Greek name, Penthesilea, queen of the Amazons
\n Patrucle<\/b>: The Greek hero, Patroclus, of Trojan War fame
\n Pava Tarchies<\/b>: Etruscan Tarchies in an expression: “boy Tarchies.” See under Tarchies
\n Pecse, Pakste<\/b>: The name of the Greek legendary winged horse, Pegasus, assigned by the Etruscans to the Trojan Horse
\n Pele<\/b>: The Greek hero, Peleus
\n Pemphetru<\/b>: Greek Pemphredo, one of the Graeae
\n Perse, Pherse<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Perseus
\n Phaun, Faun, Phamu<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Phaon
\n Phersipnai, Phersipnei, Proserpnai<\/b>: Queen of the underworld, equivalent to the Greek Persephone and Roman Proserpina
\n Phersu<\/b>: A divinity of the mask, probably from Greek prosopon, “face”. The god becomes adjectival, *phersuna, from which Latin persona
\n Phuinis<\/b>: The Greek Phoinix, friend of Peleus
\n Phulsphna<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Polyxena
\n Prisis<\/b>: The Greek Briseis mentioned in the Iliad
\n Priumne<\/b>: Priam king of Troy
\n Prumathe<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure Prometheus
\n Puanea<\/b>: Etruscan name of a satyr
\n Pultuce, Pulutuce, Pulutuke, Pultuke<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Pollux
\n Rath<\/b>: Etruscan deity identified with Apollo. Tarquinia was his sanctuary
\n Rathmtr<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Rhadamanthys
\n Satre<\/b>: Etruscan deity, source of the Roman god, Saturn
\n Sime<\/b>: An Etruscan satyr who has a Greek name
\n Selvans<\/b>: God who appears in the expression Selvansl Tularias, “Selvans of the boundaries”, which identifies him as a god of boundaries. The name is borrowed from the Roman god, Silvanus
\nSemla<\/b>: The Greek goddess, Semele
\nSethlans<\/b>: Etruscan blacksmith and craftsman God, often wielding an axe. Equivalent to the Greek Hephaistos and Roman Vulcanus. See also Velchans below
\nSispe, Sisphe<\/b>: The legendary Greek king, Sisyphus
\nSvutaf<\/b>: A winged Etruscan deity whose name, if from the same Latin root as the second segment of persuade, might mean “yearning” and therefore be identifiable with Eros
\nTaitle<\/b>: The Etruscan form of the Greek mythological figure Daedalus
\nTarchies<\/b>: Occurs in Pava Tarchies, label of a central figure in depictions of divination, who, along with Epiur, a divinatory child, is believed to be the same as Tages, founder of the Etruscan religion, mentioned by Roman authors
\nTarchon<\/b>: An Etruscan foundation hero who, with his brother, Tyrrhenus, founded the Etruscan Federation of twelve cities
\nTecum<\/b>: God of the lucomenes, or ruling class
\nTechrs<\/b>: From the Greek, the Trojan War hero, Teucer
\nTelmun, Tlamun, Talmun, Tlamu<\/b>: A Greek legendary figure, the Argonaut, Telamon
\nTeriasals, Teriasa<\/b>: Legendary Greek blind prophet, Tiresias
\nThalna, Thalana, Talna<\/b>: Etruscan divine figure of multiple roles shown male, female and androgynous: it attends the births of Menrva and Fufluns, dances as a Maenad and expounds prophecy. The name comes from Greek thallein, “to bloom”. A number of divinities fit the etymology: Greek Thallo and Hebe and Roman Iuventas, “youth”
\nThanr<\/b>: An Etruscan deity shown present at the births of deities
\nThesan<\/b>: Etruscan goddess of the dawn. She was identified with the Roman Aurora and Greek Eos
\nThese<\/b>: A hero who is the equivalent of the Greek Theseus
\nThethis<\/b>: Greek nymph Thetis, mother of Achilles
\nThetlvmth<\/b>: Unknown deity of the Piacenza Liver
\nThufltha<\/b>: Unknown deity of the Piacenza Liver
\nTinia, Tina, Tin<\/b>: Chief Etruscan god, the ruler of the skies, husband of Uni, and father of Hercle, identified with the Greek Zeus and Roman Jupiter well within the Etruscan window of ascendance, as the Etruscan kings built the first temple of Jupiter at Rome. Called apa, “father” in inscriptions (parallel to the -piter in Ju-piter), he has most of the attributes of his Indo-European counterpart, with whom some have postulated a more remote linguistic connection. The name means “day” in Etruscan. He is the god of boundaries and justice. He is depicted as a young, bearded male, seated or standing at the center of the scene, grasping a stock of thunderbolts. According to Latin literature, the bolts are of three types: for warning, good or bad interventions, and drastic catastrophes. Unlike Zeus, Tin needs the permission of the Dii Consentes (consultant gods) and Dii Involuti (hidden gods) to wield the last two categories. A further epithet, Calusna (of Calu), hints at a connection to wolves or dogs and the underworld. In post-classical Tuscan folklore he became an evil spirit, Tigna, who causes lightening strikes, hail, rain, whirlwinds and mildew
\nTinas cliniar<\/b>: Etruscan expression, “sons of Tina”, designating the Dioscuri, proving that Tin was identified with Zeus
\nTiur<\/b>: Etruscan deity identified with Greek Selene and Roman Luna (goddess)
\nTlusc, Tluscv, Mar Tlusc<\/b>: Unknown deity of the Piacenza Liver. The corresponding region in Martianus Capella is ruled by Sancus, an Italic god and Sabine progenitor, who had a temple on the Quirinal Hill, and appears on an Etruscan boundary stone in the expression Selvans Sanchuneta, in which Sanchuneta seems to refer to the oaths establishing the boundary. Sancus probably comes from Latin sancire, “to ratify an oath”
\nTruia, Truials<\/b>: Troy, Trojan, the city of the Iliad
\nTuchulcha<\/b>: An Etruscan demon
\nTuntle<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Tyndareus
\nTuran<\/b>: Etruscan goddess identified with Greek Aphrodite and Roman Venus. She appears in the expression, Turan ati, “Mother Turan”, equivalent to Venus Genetrix. Her name is a noun meaning “the act of giving” in Etruscan, based on the verb stem tur- ‘to give’
\nTurms, Turm\u015b<\/b>: Etruscan god identified with Greek Hermes and Roman Mercurius. In his capacity as guide to the ghost of Tiresias, who has been summoned by Odysseus, he is Turms Aitas, “Turms Hades.”
\nTurnu<\/b>: An Etruscan deity, a type of Eros, child of Turan
\nTusna<\/b>: Perhaps from *Turansna, “of Turan.” The swan of Turan
\nTute<\/b>: The Greek hero, Tydeus
\nTv[?]th<\/b>: Unknown deity of the Piacenza Liver
\nTyrrhenus<\/b>: An Etruscan culture hero and twin brother of Tarchon
\nUni<\/b>: Supreme goddess of the Etruscan pantheon, wife of Tinia, mother of Hercle, and patroness of . With Tinia and Menrva, she was a member of the ruling triad of Etruscan deities. Uni was the equivalent of the Roman Juno, whose name Uni may be derived from, and the Greek Hera
\nUrphe<\/b>: The Greek mythological figure, Orpheus
\nUrusthe<\/b>: The Greek legendary figure, Orestes
\nUsil<\/b>: Etruscan deity identified with Greek Helios, Roman Sol
\nVanth<\/b>: Etruscan winged demon of the underworld often depicted in the company of Charun. She could be present at the moment of death, and frequently acted as a guide of the deceased to the underworld
\nVea<\/b>: Etruscan divinity, possibly taking its name from the city of Veii or vice versa
\nVecu, Vecui, Vecuvia<\/b>: The prophetic nymph, Vegoia. See: Lasa Vecuvia
\nVeltha, Velthume, Vethune, Veltune<\/b>: Etruscan deity, possible state god of the Etruscan league of Etruria, the Voltumna in the Latin expression Fanum Voltumnae, “shrine of Voltumna”, which was their meeting place, believed located at Orvieto<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>. The identification is based on reconstruction of a root *velthumna from Latin Voltumna, Vertumnus and Voltumnus of literary sources, probably from Etruscan veltha, “earth” or “field.” Representations of a bearded male with a long spear suggest Velthune may be an epithet of Tinia
\nVeiove, Veive, Vetis<\/b>: Etruscan infernal deity whose temple stood at Rome near the Capitoline Hill. The identification is made from the deity’s Latin names related by a number of ancient authors over the centuries: V\u0113i, V\u0113di, V\u0113dii, Veiovis, Vediovis, Vediiovis, Vedius
\nVelparun<\/b>: The Greek hero, Elpenor
\nVesuna<\/b>: Italic goddess mentioned in the Iguvine Tables
\nVikare<\/b>: Son of Taitle, derived from the Greek mythological figure Icarus. The name is found inscribed once, on a golden bulla dating to the 5th century BC now housed at the Walters Art Museum
\nVile, Vilae<\/b>: Greek Iolaos, nephew of Hercle
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